Model Library

Loading Simulation Program in C++ (LSPC)

Model name: Loading Simulation Program in C++ (LSPC)

Developed by: Tetra Tech, County of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, EPA (Last update: 2017)

Model type: 1D, steady-state/dynamic, lumped, deterministic, process-based, hydrological and water quality watershed model

History: LSPC is a version of the HSPF model that has been ported to the C++ programming language to improve efficiency and flexibility. It is derived from the Mining Data Analysis System (MDAS).

Computational requirements: Microsoft Windows 98 or Higher

Software requirements: GIS: optional. Recommended: BASINS

Link to download model

Capabilities and Limitations:

Capabilities

  • LSPC has no serious size or operational limitations (CASQA, n.d.);
  • Time series files are easily transferable to models like EFDC, WASP, CE-QUAL-W2, and SUSTAIN (Yuan et al., 2020);
  • It has a modular design (Yuan et al., 2020);
  • It was built with Microsoft Visual C++ for seamless integration with software like Microsoft Access and Excel (Yuan et al., 2020);
  • It includes enhanced features like organized input files, segmentation, meteorological linkage, and improved data handling not found in HSPF (Yuan et al., 2020).

Limitations

  • Parameters are not fully accurate, and calibration can introduce errors (Li et al., 2023);
  • The method and objective function of parameter calibration impact simulation results (Li et al., 2023);
  • It cannot connect multiple sub-basins to a single reach, manage complex groundwater routing, or simulate surface-groundwater interactions (Yuan et al., 2020);
  • Stream temperature modeling lacks bed conduction heat flux and assumes point source inflows and precipitation match stream temperature (CASQA, n.d.).

Model Inputs and Outputs:

 Inputs

  • Topography data, LULC data, Soil data, Stream reach, Meteorological data (hourly), Hydrological data, Water quality data, Point sources data.
  • Format of time-series data: ASCII file.

Outputs

  • LSPC can simulate factors in snowmelt, in-stream transport and groundwater, flow, sediment, metals, nutrients, pesticides, DO, BOD, plankton, and other contaminants.
  • LSPC can also simulate soil erosion as well as modules for stream transport, total maximum daily loads (TMDL) calculation, and source allocations in an urban or agricultural watershed.

Example:

Reference

Li, J., Hu, M., Ma, W., Liu, Y., Dong, F., Zou, R., & Chen, Y. (2023). Optimization and multi-uncertainty analysis of best management practices at the watershed scale: A reliability-level based bayesian network approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 331, 117280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117280

Objective

The objectives of the study were: (1) Identify PMAs to locate the candidate BMPs, (2) Examine uncertainties in projections of TN and TP loading and BMPs effectiveness, (3) Optimize the combinations of BMPs with different reliability levels of reaching the water quality standards.